Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Portuguese term or phrase:
capoeiras
English translation:
henchmen/mercenaries/hitmen
Added to glossary by
Marlene Curtis
Aug 21, 2013 23:13
10 yrs ago
1 viewer *
Portuguese term
France
Por/Sp/Cat/Fr->En, IoLDipTrans, MACantab
Native in: English
Works in: Portuguese to English, Spanish to English, English, and 2 more.
capoeiras
Portuguese to English
Social Sciences
History
academic abstract
Hi all! I'm translating a series of academic abstracts and in this one I'm unsure about the use of 'capoeiras'. I hadn't seen this word before used to refer to anything other than the sport, but it seems that it might refer to an 'aviary' of some sort... So do any of you know what it means in this sentence? Thanks!
ABOLIÇÃO E CIDADANIA: A GUARDA NEGRA DA REDENTORA NO RIO DE JANEIRO
RESUMO
A historiografia praticamente ignorou a Guarda Negra, associação constituída por libertos que se desenvolveu na fase de agonia do regime monárquico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, mas que teve repercussão em outras províncias. Ela se desenvolveu em função da ação de grupos urbanos na campanha abolicionista da Corte, na década de 1880, se inserindo no próprio debate entre republicanos e monarquistas, logo após a extinção legal do escravismo. Havia também uma forte rejeição por parte de setores populares, especialmente os libertos, aos defensores da República. Estes acusavam os membros da Guarda Negra de estarem a serviço da monarquia, identificando-os como **capoeiras** e responsáveis pelos conflitos ocorridos com os republicanos.
Palavras-chave: Guarda Negra, Libertos, Abolicionismo, Imprensa.
ABOLIÇÃO E CIDADANIA: A GUARDA NEGRA DA REDENTORA NO RIO DE JANEIRO
RESUMO
A historiografia praticamente ignorou a Guarda Negra, associação constituída por libertos que se desenvolveu na fase de agonia do regime monárquico na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, mas que teve repercussão em outras províncias. Ela se desenvolveu em função da ação de grupos urbanos na campanha abolicionista da Corte, na década de 1880, se inserindo no próprio debate entre republicanos e monarquistas, logo após a extinção legal do escravismo. Havia também uma forte rejeição por parte de setores populares, especialmente os libertos, aos defensores da República. Estes acusavam os membros da Guarda Negra de estarem a serviço da monarquia, identificando-os como **capoeiras** e responsáveis pelos conflitos ocorridos com os republicanos.
Palavras-chave: Guarda Negra, Libertos, Abolicionismo, Imprensa.
Proposed translations
(English)
| 4 +1 | henchmen/mercenaries/hitmen |
Marlene Curtis
|
| 5 | capoeiras |
Fernando Santos
|
| 4 | "capoeiras" |
Vidomar (X)
|
Change log
Aug 26, 2013 12:56: Marlene Curtis Created KOG entry
Proposed translations
+1
46 mins
Marlene Curtis
United States
United States
Native in Portuguese
&
English
United States
Marlene Curtis
Native in: Portuguese 
, English
Works in: English to Portuguese, Portuguese to English
Related KudoZ points
:
96
Selected
henchmen/mercenaries/hitmen
Please the extract below
Soon Capoeira practitioners started to use their skills in unconventional ways. Criminals and war lords used capoeiristas as body guards, mercenaries, hitmen, henchmen. Groups of capoeira practitioners, known as maltas, raided Rio de Janeiro. In 1890, the recently proclaimed Brazilian Republic decreed the prohibition of capoeira in the whole country.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capoeira
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hora (2013-08-22 00:14:11 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
The slaves who practiced capoeira, i.e., the members of the Guarda Negra, were accused of being criminals at the service of the monarchy.
Soon Capoeira practitioners started to use their skills in unconventional ways. Criminals and war lords used capoeiristas as body guards, mercenaries, hitmen, henchmen. Groups of capoeira practitioners, known as maltas, raided Rio de Janeiro. In 1890, the recently proclaimed Brazilian Republic decreed the prohibition of capoeira in the whole country.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capoeira
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hora (2013-08-22 00:14:11 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
The slaves who practiced capoeira, i.e., the members of the Guarda Negra, were accused of being criminals at the service of the monarchy.
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "thanks!"
23 hrs
"capoeiras"
I would keep the original term (because it is in fact untranslatable) and add a footnote with an explanation.
7 days
capoeiras
The term should be left as in the original.
Capoeiras are practicioners of Capoeira, which is a mix of martial arts, dancing and music brought to Brazil by African slaves.
Usually, but not always, its practioners were slaves and former slaves, while mercenaries/henchmen of that period might by black people, as well as impoverished white people, or still descents of interracial marriages.
Capoeiras are practicioners of Capoeira, which is a mix of martial arts, dancing and music brought to Brazil by African slaves.
Usually, but not always, its practioners were slaves and former slaves, while mercenaries/henchmen of that period might by black people, as well as impoverished white people, or still descents of interracial marriages.
Reference comments
49 mins
Beatriz Souza
Brazil
Brazil
Native in Portuguese
Works in field
Brazil
Making the world smaller since 1978
Native in: Portuguese (Variant: Brazilian)
Works in: English to Portuguese, Portuguese to English
Related KudoZ points
:
4
Reference:
"capoeira groups" - Black Guard /Guarda Negra
talvez esses dois sites possam ajudar um pouco na sua pesquisa sobre os "capoeira groups" da Black Guard:
http://dc.itamaraty.gov.br/imagens-e-textos/revistaing14-mat...
= = = =
...
CAPOEIRA
l828: In l828 the Brazilian government recruited foreign mercenaries from Ireland, Germany and
England to be stationed in Grande do Sul following the agreement with Argentina that led to the
independence of Uruguay which had been occupied (l816) and then annexed to Brazil (l821) as the
Cisplatine province.
(n.b. The Cisplatine province is the only territory lost by Brazil after independence in l822.) Some of
these mercenary soldiers remained stationed in Rio de Janeiro. Dissatisfaction with harsh discipline and
delays in pay caused them to mutiny. According to Burns, History of Brazil (3rd edition, 132-33), "In
1828 two battalions of German and Irish mercenary troops revolted in Rio de Janeiro in protest against
inhumane treatment. Their lawlessness shook the capital before they were disarmed and, in many cases,
deported." Burns does not report that capoeira groups suppressed the mutiny. According to a
contemporary document, the rebellious mercenaries were "attacked by groups of blacks called
capoeiras, who engaged in mortal conflict with them. Although [the mercenaries] were armed with
rifles, they could not resist with success, and with sticks, stones and in hand to hand combat, the
foreigners fell in the streets and public squares, a great number wounded and many dead.
l888: Capoeiras organized as a Guarda Negra or Black Guard to defend the monarchy and the right of
Princess Isabella, the Redeemer to succeed Dom Pedro II (l831-l889), her prematurely aged and sick
father. Members of the Guarda Negra swore the following oath:...
http://isc.temple.edu/evanson/brazilhistory/PDFFiles/CAPOEIR...
= = =
hth.
beatriz_souza
http://dc.itamaraty.gov.br/imagens-e-textos/revistaing14-mat...
= = = =
...
CAPOEIRA
l828: In l828 the Brazilian government recruited foreign mercenaries from Ireland, Germany and
England to be stationed in Grande do Sul following the agreement with Argentina that led to the
independence of Uruguay which had been occupied (l816) and then annexed to Brazil (l821) as the
Cisplatine province.
(n.b. The Cisplatine province is the only territory lost by Brazil after independence in l822.) Some of
these mercenary soldiers remained stationed in Rio de Janeiro. Dissatisfaction with harsh discipline and
delays in pay caused them to mutiny. According to Burns, History of Brazil (3rd edition, 132-33), "In
1828 two battalions of German and Irish mercenary troops revolted in Rio de Janeiro in protest against
inhumane treatment. Their lawlessness shook the capital before they were disarmed and, in many cases,
deported." Burns does not report that capoeira groups suppressed the mutiny. According to a
contemporary document, the rebellious mercenaries were "attacked by groups of blacks called
capoeiras, who engaged in mortal conflict with them. Although [the mercenaries] were armed with
rifles, they could not resist with success, and with sticks, stones and in hand to hand combat, the
foreigners fell in the streets and public squares, a great number wounded and many dead.
l888: Capoeiras organized as a Guarda Negra or Black Guard to defend the monarchy and the right of
Princess Isabella, the Redeemer to succeed Dom Pedro II (l831-l889), her prematurely aged and sick
father. Members of the Guarda Negra swore the following oath:...
http://isc.temple.edu/evanson/brazilhistory/PDFFiles/CAPOEIR...
= = =
hth.
beatriz_souza
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