Glossary entry

Greek term or phrase:

Κάλυψη τεκμηρίου

English translation:

Meeting (or coverage of) imputed taxable income

    The asker opted for community grading. The question was closed on 2013-02-02 10:54:07 based on peer agreement (or, if there were too few peer comments, asker preference.)
Jan 29, 2013 17:10
11 yrs ago
3 viewers *
Greek term

Κάλυψη τεκμηρίου

Greek to English Law/Patents Law: Taxation & Customs Κάλυψη τεκμηρίου
Κάλυψη τεκμηρίου αγοράς της συζύγου με εισόδημα του συζύγου όταν οι
σύζυγοι υποβάλουν φορολογική δήλωση χωριστά.

Discussion

transphy Jan 31, 2013:
Thank, you.
Peter Close Jan 31, 2013:
Hello Transpy! Sorry, I didn't respond yesterday but I had an urgent translation which took me until late in the evening to complete. In Greece, husbands and wives are normally taxed as one entity. In my mind, this often gives the wife the incentive not to work, because, if she does, she risks putting her husband into a higher taxable income category. The aspect of imputed taxable income also applies in England though. For instance, when a company executive is provided with a company car for his own sole use, the UK tax authorities regard the value of the car as being aditional income and tax the executive for at least a good proportion of its value. I think all of us would prefer to be taxed in the UK. I am now closing down my Greek company simply because it is too much of a headache dealing with the Greek tax authorities these days. Taxation legislation here in Greece changes almost monthly and even good accountants find it difficult to keep up with the alterations.
transphy Jan 30, 2013:
Surely, as the text is, husband and wife are taxed as 2 entities. So the husband buys something for the wife, out of his own funds. That 'expense' can be 'tax deductible' or, if not then that expense comes out of the husband's "drawings". If 'tax deductible', the receipt for buying it is included as 'proof of buying'.** Wife's expense.** End of story!!!!
transphy Jan 30, 2013:
I'd rather be taxed in the UK. No wonder in Greece, people don't pay their taxes. Now I know. They just DON'T understand them. How would the average person understand,* Meeting (or coverage of) imputed taxable income*!!!! what does this mean? It is NOT a fixed figure, like a receipt, it is a 'presumed' figure. So, the tax inspectors can 'presume' any figure and then 'you', the tax payer, disputes that, goes to talk to the inspector, with your 'fakellaki' ofcourse, και....Άγιος ο Θεός!!!!!

Proposed translations

13 hrs
Selected

Meeting (or coverage of) imputed taxable income

This is the meaning given in the Λεξικό Λογιστικής με Όρους Χρηματοοικονομικής, Φορολογικής και Ελεγκτικής του Κων. Κάντζου

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Note added at 14 hrs (2013-01-30 07:17:05 GMT)
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See also:

http://www.gsis.gr/forologikos_odigos/xrisimes_plirofories/g...

http://greece4life.com/taxation-of-individuals


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Note added at 16 hrs (2013-01-30 09:38:57 GMT)
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Such expenses may be:
a) imputed, that is, expenses presumed to have been incurred by the taxpayer
on the basis, at first, of ownership or possession of certain assets, e.g. expenditure
on the basis of the paid or imputed rental (owner-occupancy) for a secondary
residence in Greece over 150 square meters, expenditure on the basis of ownership
or possession of a private passenger car or aircraft, etc.,
b) real expenses, that is, on the basis of the expenses for acquisition of
assets, granting of loans, donations, repayment of loans, etc.
It is clear that, in respect of residents abroad, a criterion for the application of
the aforesaid presumptions (imputed-real expenses) to them is either that the said
expenses are incurred in Greece or the object of the transaction, etc. is located in
Greece or services are rendered in Greece and, in general, that there is a relation, in
any manner, between the expense or its object and Greece.
Imputed versus actual income
Legal provisions designed to prevent tax evasion specify that individuals are taxed on their declared income or imputed income, whichever is highest. Income is imputed on the basis of living expenditure or acquisition of certain assets. The main factors considered in imputing income from living expenses or acquisitions are the engine size of owned motor vehicles, repayment of loans or credits, the purchase of real estate, the construction of buildings, the cost of operating pleasure boats, aircrafts and helicopters, rent paid and deemed rental income for primary residence exceeding 200 sq.m. and for a secondary residence exceeding 150 sq.m. in size, the construction maintenance and use of a swimming pool and similar expenditures.
Income thus imputed will constitute taxable income if it is more than 20% of the declared family income (that of the taxpayer, his spouse and his dependants), unless there is evidence that the difference between the imputed income and the declared income is covered by borrowing, or savings that have been taxed or exempted from tax in the past, from gifts which have been subjected to or exempted from gift tax, from income taxed abroad (or exempted) and imported to Greece, and the like.
Example sentence:

Imputed income is income that may not be seen as cash, but instead comes in the form of a benefit...sometimes by having another pay an expense...sometimes by having a benefit provided.

The value of a car provided by your employer that you may use for personal use. That value is imputed income.

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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "σε ευχαριστώ"
1 hr

wife's expenses

I suppose, going by the whole phrase,*Κάλυψη τεκμηρίου αγοράς της συζύγου με εισόδημα του συζύγου...*, it just means, 'wife's expenses' or
'expenses for wife', money the husband paid out of his own A/c..Thats how I would put it in the UK. But, then, it may be different in Greece!!!!
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3 days 18 hrs

(to) substantiate presumed expenditure/assets

in accordance with the "τεκμηρίο" the declared taxable income must be enough to substantiate specific assets/expenditure

In this case the husbands taxable income is enough to substantiate the presumed taxable expenditure of his wife

The Greek taxation system uses "τεκμηρία" in an effort to combat tax evasion ......."τεκμηρία" are taxable items whereby the govt presumes that you must have a specific income in order to be able to afford them.
i.e. if you have a larger car (over 2000 c.c.) the govt. presumes
that your income is higher than that of another tax payer who has a smaller car (less than 2000 c.c.), and subsequently you are expectedto declare a larger income. If you don't, the "τεκμηρίο" will be taken into consideration and you will be taxed accordingly.
In the past businesses have been taxed based on "τεκμηρία" such as the actual size (in sq. metres) of their shops and whether or not they have employees, and the actual number of
employees, and not just on the actual amounts declared.
Example sentence:

The declared taxable income is sufficient to substantiate the presumed expenditure.

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